solr系统query检索词特殊字符的处理

solr是基于lucence开发的应用，如果query中带有非法字符串，结果很可能是检索出所有内容或者直接报错，所以你对用户的输入必须要先做处理。输入星号，能够检索出所有内容；输入加号，则会报错。

官方的处理办法（java，因为solr是java开发的）：

https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/lucene/dev/trunk/solr/solrj/src/java/org/apache/solr/client/solrj/util/ClientUtils.java

public static String escapeQueryChars(String s) {
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
      char c = s.charAt(i);
      // These characters are part of the query syntax and must be escaped
      if (c == '\\' || c == '+' || c == '-' || c == '!'  || c == '(' || c == ')' || c == ':'
        || c == '^' || c == '[' || c == ']' || c == '\"' || c == '{' || c == '}' || c == '~'
        || c == '*' || c == '?' || c == '|' || c == '&'  || c == ';' || c == '/'
        || Character.isWhitespace(c)) {
        sb.append('\\');
      }
      sb.append(c);
    }
    return sb.toString();
  }

翻译的php版本（利用preg_replace函数进行正则替换）：

static public function escape($value)
{
    //list taken from http://lucene.apache.org/java/docs/queryparsersyntax.html#Escaping%20Special%20Characters
    $pattern = '/(\+|-|&|\||!|\(|\)|\{|}|\[|]|\^|"|~|\*|\?|:|;|~|\/)/';
    $replace = '\\\$1';

   return preg_replace($pattern, $replace, $value);
}

翻译后的python版本：

import re
def escape_solr(word):
    return re.sub('(\\\|\+|-|&|\|\||!|\(|\)|\{|}|\[|]|\^|"|~|\*|\?|:|;|/|\~)','\\\1', word )